Founded in 874 by the monk Shōbō (Rigen Daishi), Daigo-ji developed through the Heian and medieval periods as an important esoteric center. Fires and warfare led to losses, but key structures were rebuilt, and patronage in the Azuchi–Momoyama era revived the complex. The five-story pagoda from 951 is the oldest surviving building in Kyoto, and many halls date from the 16th–17th centuries.

The complex spans lower, middle, and upper precincts on the mountain. Visitors encounter the grand Sanbō-in sub-temple with Momoyama-era architecture and gardens, the Kondō (Main Hall), the five-story pagoda, and the vermilion Bentendō by a pond. A steep trail leads to the Kami-Daigo upper precinct with early halls and mountain worship sites. The temple museum preserves an extensive collection of sculptures, mandalas, and documents, including National Treasures and Important Cultural Properties.

Daigo-ji’s principal image is Yakushi Nyorai, enshrined as a hibutsu (hidden Buddha), reflecting Shingon esoteric worship. The temple is the 11th stop on the Saigoku Kannon Pilgrimage, linking it to a wider devotional route across western Japan. Seasonal rituals, Buddhist ceremonies, and historical associations position Daigo-ji as a key locus of religious practice and cultural heritage in Kyoto.